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发信人: kodak (每一次喊你在我心), 信区: oversea
标 题: strategy for reading
发信站: 听涛站 (Sun Oct 29 17:09:59 2000), 转信
Reading: Understanding Explicit Meaning
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Description | Samples | Strategies | Return to Test Results
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Reading: Understanding Explicit Meaning
Questions of this type test the ability to locate and understand a specific
piece or pieces of information explicitly stated in a reading passage. This
skill is valuable whenever you are reading something primarily to find an an
swer to a specific limited question, or when you are trying to find specific
information that you know is contained in a source you have already read.
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Sample Question
It is possible for students to obtain
advanced degrees in English while knowing
little or nothing about traditional scholarly
methods. The consequences of this neglect
5
of traditional scholarship are particularly
unfortunate for the study of women writers.
If the canon---the list of authors whose works
are most widely taught---is ever to include
more women, scholars must be well trained
10
in historical scholarship and textual editing.
Scholars who do not know how to read
early manuscripts, locate rare books,
establish a sequence of editions, and so
on are bereft of crucial tools for revising
15
the canon.
To address such concerns, an
experimental version of the traditional
scholarly methods course was designed to
raise students' consciousness about the
20
usefulness of traditional learning for any
modern critic or theorist. To minimize the
artificial aspects of the conventional course,
the usual procedure of assigning a large
number of small problems drawn from the
25
entire range of historical periods was
abandoned, though this procedure has the
obvious advantage of at least superficially
familiarizing students with a wide range of
reference sources. Instead students were
30
engaged in a collective effort to do original
work on a neglected eighteenth-century writer,
Elizabeth Griffith, to give them an authentic
experience of literary scholarship and to
inspire them to take responsibility for the
35
quality of their own work.
Griffith's work presented a number of
advantages for this particular pedagogical
purpose. First, the body of extant scholarship
on Griffith was so tiny that it could all be read in
40
a day; thus students spent little time and effort
mastering the literature and had a clear field
for their own discoveries. Griffith's play The
Platonic Wife exists in three versions, enough
to provide illustrations of editorial issues but
45
not too many for beginning students to
manage. In addition, because Griffith was
successful in the eighteenth century, as her
continued productivity and favorable reviews
demonstrate, her exclusion from the canon
50
and virtual disappearance from literary history
also helped raise issues concerning the
current canon.
The range of Griffith's work meant
that each student could become the world's
55
leading authority on a particular Griffith text.
For example, a student studying Griffith's
Wife in the Right saw a first edition of the
play and studied it for some weeks. This
student was suitably shocked and outraged
60
to find its title transformed into A Wife in the
Night in Watt's Bibliotheca Britannica. Such
experiences, inevitable and common in
working on a writer to whom so little attention
has been paid, serve to vaccinate the
65
student---I hope for a lifetime---against
credulous use of reference sources.
According to the passage, the size of the body of extant scholarship on El
izabeth Griffin was pedagogically significant because it
(A) permitted students to survey that scholarship in a relatively short amo
unt of time
(B) encouraged students to look for inaccuracies and contradictions in that
scholarship
(C) ensured that editorial issues raised by that scholarship were kept to a
minimum
(D) clearly demonstrated that scholarship's influence on Elizabeth Griffith
's exclusion from the canon
(E) allowed each student to focus on a single work within that body of scho
larship
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In this example you are being asked about the extant scholarship on Elizabet
h Griffith and how the size of that body of scholarship contributed to the p
urposes of the course in question. Your first task is to localize the sectio
n of the passage where this topic is under discussion--in this case, the sec
ond sentence of the third paragraph. Determine what information is stated ex
plicitly: "First, the body of extant scholarship on Griffith was so tiny tha
t it could all be read in a day; thus students spent little time and effort
mastering the literature..." Once you have narrowed down the explicit inform
ation provided, you can consider the options and choose the one that best pa
raphrases that information. Thus A is the best answer.
Strategy summary:
Find all the places in the passage where the specific topic you are looking
for is discussed. Reread those sections and mentally list the facts that are
provided about the topic in question. The best answer will usually be a clo
se paraphrase of the actual words used in the passage.
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