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发信人: sucky (这念/'suki/,不要念错哦), 信区: material
标 题: 材科讲义(5)
发信站: 听涛站 (2001年06月06日18:21:26 星期三), 站内信件
?3 Recrystallization
Mechanism: nucleation & growth
1. Nucleation models p520-522
l from severe deformed region
l strain-induced boundary migration, R* > 2g/DEs
l growth of subgrains
2. Growth of a grain p522-523
G = Mp, (7-22); G = DB/RT· Es/(l·1) (10-14)
DB = MRT, (8-120); DB = DOexp(-Q/RT), (8-102)
G = GOexp(-Q/RT) p523
3. Overall (1 & 2) Kinetics ? S-shape kinetic curve (general)
Assumption
(1) constant G for a given T
(2) spherical nucleus
(3) constant N dN=Ndt per unit entire volume (v)
volume of grains nucleated at t to t+dt period
(4) nucleation start from t = 0 (neglect incubation period)
l The volume fraction of new grain = f = vn /v
When f<< 1, v = 1, from t = 0 to t = t
f = òdvn = p G3t4/3
Model: vr = volume of real new grains
xr = vr /v = volume fraction of real new grains
vi = volume of imagined new grains
xi = vi /v = p G3t4/3
During dt time
dNi = vdt ? increase of imagined nuclei
dNr = (v - vr )dt ? increase of real nuclei
dNr /dNi = 1 - xr
Assume dvi /dNi = dvr /dNr ? equivalent effect of dN on dv
Then dNr /dNi = dvr /dvi = dxr /dxi = 1 - xr
Solve xr: ln(1 - xr ) = - xi , for when xi = 0, xr = 0
Johnson-Mehl (-Avrami) Equation:
l Recrystallization time
for xr " 0.95, tf = [2.86/( G3)]1/4
l Modified form xr = 1 - exp ( -ktn), n = 3~4, since = f(t)
k and n can be determined experimentally
l Number of grains per unit volume p509
n = òdNr/v = ò (1 - xr )dt " tf /2, set xr " 1/2
= 0.65( /G)3/4
n = 0.9[ /G]3/4 p509
l Application
- recrystallization
- phase transformations
solidification L T S, eutectic L T S1 + S2
isomorphous S1 T S2 eutectoid β T α1 + α2
3 Recrystallization Temperature
(1) Upper & lower limit
(2) Critical deformation 临界变形
depending on type of deformation
tension 拉,torsion 扭,rolling 轧
< 10% > 100% (simple shear)
undesirable in most case.
(3) Affecting factors
From
\ (10-27), Arrhenius Eq.
(10-9) & (10-28)
For t0.95=1hr,
\ Tr is affected by No, Go, Qn, Qg
No, Go, Qn, Qg are affected by microstructures:
density of defect (Es), impurities
secondary particles grain size,
4. Grain size
n μ [ /G]3/4, nfd3 = 1, d μ (G/ )1/4 Eq.(10-35)
Factors affecting recrystallization T (Tr) and grain size (d)
T- - = 0exp(-Qn/RT) G-G=G0exp(-QR/RT) Tr dweak
deformation- DEs-, 0-,G0- - - ˉ ˉ
Impurity- DEs-,Qn-,QR- ˉ ˉ - ˉ
Grain sizeˉDEs-, 0-,G0- - - ˉ ˉ
Secondaryparticles -DEs-,Qn-,QR- ˉ ˉ ˉ ˉ
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※ 来源:·听涛站 tingtao.dhs.org·[FROM: 匿名天使的家]
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