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发信人: Snail (蜗牛), 信区: foreign_lg
标 题: THE ART OF WAR 孙子兵法(四)
发信站: 听涛站 (Mon Apr 30 12:43:15 2001), 转信
Chapter 4 : Dispositions
The skillful warriors in ancient times first made themselves invincible and
then awaited the enemy's moment of vulnerability. Invincibility depends on o
neself, but the enemy' vulnerability on himself. It follows that those skill
ed in war can make themselves invincible but cannot cause an enemy to be cer
tainly vulnerable. Therefore, it can be said that, one may know how to win,
but cannot necessarily do so.
Defend yourself when you cannot defeat the enemy, and attack the enemy when
you can. One defends when his strangth is inadequate; he attacks when it is
abundant. Those who are skilled in defense hide themselves as under the nine
-fold earth; those in attack flash forth as from above the ninefold heavens.
Thus, they are capable both of protecting themselves and of gaining a compl
ete victory.
To foresee a victory which the ordinary man can foresee is not the acme of e
xcellence. Neither is it if you triumph in battle and are universally acclai
med "expert," for to lift an autumn down requires no great strength, to dist
inguish between the sun and moon is no test of vision, to hear the thundercl
ap is no indication of acute hearing. In ancient times, those called skilled
in war conquered an enemy easily conquered. And, therefore, the victories w
on by a master of war gain him neither reputation for wisdom nor merit for c
ourage. For he wins his victories without erring. Without erring he establis
hes the certainty of his victory; he conquers an enemy already defeated. The
refore, the skillful commander takes up a position in which he cannot be def
eated and misses no opportunity to overcome him enemy. Thus, a victorious ar
my always seeks battle after his plans indicate that victory is possible und
er them, whereas an army destined to defeat fights in the hope of winning bu
t without any planning. Those skilled in war cultivate their policies and st
rictly adhere to the laws and regulations. Thus, it is in their power to con
trol success.
Now, the elements of the art of war are first, the measurement of space; sec
ond, the estimation of quantities; third, calculations; fourth, comparisons;
and fifth, chances of victory. Measurements of space are derived from the g
round. Quantities, comparisons from figures, and victory from comparisons. T
hus, a victorious army is as one yi balanced against a grain, and a defeated
army is as a grain balanced against one yi.
It is because of disposition that a victorious general is able to make his s
oldiers fight with the effect of pent-up waters which, suddenly released, pl
unge into a bottomless abyss.
Chapter 4 : Dispositions
The skillful warriors in ancient times first made themselves invincible and
then awaited the enemy's moment of vulnerability. Invincibility depends on o
neself, but the enemy' vulnerability on himself. It follows that those skill
ed in war can make themselves invincible but cannot cause an enemy to be cer
tainly vulnerable. Therefore, it can be said that, one may know how to win,
but cannot necessarily do so.
Defend yourself when you cannot defeat the enemy, and attack the enemy when
you can. One defends when his strangth is inadequate; he attacks when it is
abundant. Those who are skilled in defense hide themselves as under the nine
-fold earth; those in attack flash forth as from above the ninefold heavens.
Thus, they are capable both of protecting themselves and of gaining a compl
ete victory.
To foresee a victory which the ordinary man can foresee is not the acme of e
xcellence. Neither is it if you triumph in battle and are universally acclai
med "expert," for to lift an autumn down requires no great strength, to dist
inguish between the sun and moon is no test of vision, to hear the thundercl
ap is no indication of acute hearing. In ancient times, those called skilled
in war conquered an enemy easily conquered. And, therefore, the victories w
on by a master of war gain him neither reputation for wisdom nor merit for c
ourage. For he wins his victories without erring. Without erring he establis
hes the certainty of his victory; he conquers an enemy already defeated. The
refore, the skillful commander takes up a position in which he cannot be def
eated and misses no opportunity to overcome him enemy. Thus, a victorious ar
my always seeks battle after his plans indicate that victory is possible und
er them, whereas an army destined to defeat fights in the hope of winning bu
t without any planning. Those skilled in war cultivate their policies and st
rictly adhere to the laws and regulations. Thus, it is in their power to con
trol success.
Now, the elements of the art of war are first, the measurement of space; sec
ond, the estimation of quantities; third, calculations; fourth, comparisons;
and fifth, chances of victory. Measurements of space are derived from the g
round. Quantities, comparisons from figures, and victory from comparisons. T
hus, a victorious army is as one yi balanced against a grain, and a defeated
army is as a grain balanced against one yi.
It is because of disposition that a victorious general is able to make his s
oldiers fight with the effect of pent-up waters which, suddenly released, pl
unge into a bottomless abyss.
--
※ 来源:.听涛站 cces.net.[FROM: 匿名天使的家]
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