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发信人: Soon (太阳当空照,花儿对我笑), 信区: foreign_lg
标题: 以IT为主语的句型
发信站: 听涛站 (2001年06月16日23:24:59 星期六), 站内信件

当主语冗长或复杂时，在条件允许的情况下，可把它移到句子后面，由IT来充当临
时主语。这里所谓冗长或复杂的主语，指的是不定式动词（to-infinitive）或不
定式动词短语（infinitive phrase）。下面六种情况，不用IT是不行的：

　　Ⅰ. 和接系动词“Be”连用，如：
● It is wrong to ill-treat your inferiors.
● It was a mistake for you to dismiss an innocent worker.
　　Ⅱ. 和接系动词“seem, appear, feel, sound”等连用，如：
● It seems a pity to waste time like that.
● It appears unlikely for William to come on time.
● It sounds reasonable to work five days a week.
　　Ⅲ. 和带“for”或”of”短语的不定式动词连用，如：
● It is very kind of you to help me at this time.
● It might not be a bad idea for young graduates to work abroad for so
me time.
　　Ⅳ. 和“suffice, do, remain”等动词连用，如：
● It suffices to say it in this way.
● It will do for students to give short answers.
● It remains to look for a suitable place to teach the special course.

　　Ⅴ. 和“require, need, take, cost, amuse, delight, irritate, irk, a
nnoy, make”等及物动词连用，如：
● It requires more staff to carry out this plan.
● It needs a lot of patience to perform such a task.
● It took the maid one hour to clean up the whole apartment.
● It cost her $200 to see a specialist doctor.
● It greatly amused us to see the old man sing.
● It delighted the audience to listen to Helen's jokes.
● It irritated Tom to be asked to do the work all over again.
● It irked Betty to have to admit the mistake made.
● It annoyed me to realise how much time had been wasted.
● It made the staff excited to learn about the company's expansion pro
gramme.
　　Ⅵ. 和被动语态连用，如
● It is felt worth while to read that book again.
● It was considered necessary to have new courses introduced.

　　此外，IT也可以取代动名词（gerund）或动名词短语（gerund phrase）为主
语，然后把真主语移到句尾。这种情况下的IT常和“no good, no use/useless,
worth while”等连用，如：
● It is no good pretending to be knowledgeable.
● It is no use discussing things with him.
● It is useless our losing temper with such a person.
● It is worth while learning more than a language.

　　“It”也时常和“hard, fun, an awful job”等词语连用，如：
● It is hard walking with a heavy parcel.
● It is fun playing games with children.
● It is an awful job teaching those not interested in the subject.
　　-句式中的动名词短语可以由不定式动词短语取代：
● It is hard to walk with a heavy parcel.
● It is fun to play games with children.
● It is an awful job to teach those not interested in the subject.
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※ 来源:·听涛站 tingtao.dhs.org·[FROM: 匿名天使的家]

foreign_lg 版 (精华区)